FBUK welcomes Lords report on IHT

FBUK Policy Director Matt Jaffa examines a key House of Lords report into inheritance tax reforms and finds that it echoes 15 months of warnings from Family Business UK


The House of Lords has published its report into the inheritance tax changes announced in the Autumn Budget 2024 – including changes to BPR and APR.

The  109‑page inquiry report: Inheritance tax measures: unused pension funds and agricultural and business property reliefs, and its conclusions echo many of the arguments FBUK has made over the last 15 months. Having given written and oral evidence to the inquiry, FBUK receives 12 name check references in the report.

In short: the Lords agree with what FBUK and our Members have said:

  • the policy is ill-considered,
  • lacked prior consultation
  • risks damaging the UK’s family business sector.

Commenting on the report, FBUK CEO Neil Davy said:

We welcome this report and urge the Government to immediately implement all its recommendations on BPR and APR. The damning criticism of the Government’s processes in formulating these policies highlight serious shortcomings which can only be properly addressed with a full consultation with family businesses and reversal of this damaging policy.

The fact the Lords acknowledge that these deficiencies result from the Government’s failure to properly consult with us and family businesses across the country before announcing the measures, shows precisely why and how the Government got this wrong.

Whilst we welcome the Government listening to arguments we have put forwards and the subsequent amendments it has made to these policies, they do not go far enough to protect thousands of jobs and hundreds of millions of pounds worth of investment delivered by British family businesses.

This is now the third high-profile committee in Parliament to reach a conclusion that this policy is deeply damaging to the family business sector which employs more than 15 million people and makes a significant contribution to the economic success of the country.

The Government must heed these warnings and reverse these policies, before they are implemented in April, to give Britain’s family businesses back their confidence to invest for the future and deliver the growth that remains this Government’s number one priority.


Some key takeaways from the report:

Unrealistic Deadlines

The report is clear: forcing estates to make their first Inheritance Tax payment within six months, including tax on unused pension funds, simply isn’t workable. The Committee recommends extending the deadline to 12 months.

The Committee found that Personal Representatives (PRs) and Pension Scheme Administrators (PSAs) lack the full information needed to calculate IHT accurately. Its message to Government is not to prioritise an April 2027 start date over getting the policy and the processes right.

BPR & APR: Government failed to assess the impact of the policy on family businesses

The Committee questions why the Government did not carry out a full impact assessment before announcing the policy change – a concern FBUK has raised repeatedly.

The Committee recommends cross departmental research (to include the Department for Business, Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and HMRC) to fully understand the consequences of the reforms.

The report calls for Government to measure the impact of the reforms over the next seven years. FBUK believe that seven years is too long a period of time, which for many family businesses with older owners, is not practical.

Impact of a death on company valuations.

In his oral evidence to the Committee, Steve Rigby, Chair of FBUK, warned of the devastating effect the sudden death of a key individual can have on the valuation of a business. The Committee has now taken this on board and is calling on the Government to examine this issue.

Valuations system not fit for purpose

FBUK highlighted that valuations can vary wildly between assessors, creating delays and financial risk for families trying to meet IHT deadlines.

The report urges the Government to assess levels of staffing and expertise within HMRC’s valuation teams before April 2026, given the expected surge in administrative workload.


This report is the third major Parliamentary committee, alongside the Environment Committee and the Welsh Affairs Committee, to question the Government’s approach to these policy changes.

As the Finance Bill makes its way through Parliament to pass the legislation, this report will give Members of Parliament extra ammunition to press the Government for further changes to the policy.

What happens next?

FBUK will be analysing the full detail of the report and briefing the Government in the coming days, but our position remains unchanged: we continue to call for a full reversal of the policy.

At the bare minimum, a comprehensive review is now essential to design a fairer, more workable system that protects jobs, growth and the long term resilience of the UK’s family business sector. And we will continue to put the voice of Members to Ministers and Parliamentarians as the Finance Bill continue its journey through the legislative process.

Finance Bill second reading: what you need to know

On Tuesday afternoon (16 December 2025), MPs in the House of Commons will debate and vote on the second reading of the Finance Bill – an important moment in the Bill’s journey through Parliament.

The second reading is the first substantive opportunity for MPs to debate the Bill as a whole and to decide whether it should proceed to the next stages of Parliamentary scrutiny. If a majority of MPs vote in favour, the Bill will move on to further stages where individual clauses can be examined and amended in greater detail.

Why this matters to family businesses

The Finance Bill gives legal effect to the Chancellor’s Autumn Budget proposals and contains a number of tax measures that will influence business planning in the years ahead. For family-owned businesses, changes to Inheritance Tax (IHT) and Business Property Relief (BPR) are the most significant.

What the second reading debate covers

At second reading, MPs will debate the overall principles and purpose of the Finance Bill, rather than individual measures or technical details. A treasury minister will open the debate, followed by speeches from opposition parties and backbench MPs. Crucially:

  • No amendments to the Bill can be made at second reading, so the vote is simply on whether the Bill should continue its passage through Parliament.
  • If the Bill passes, detailed examination and opportunities to propose changes will come at the committee and report stages in the New Year.

What happens next if the Bill passes?

Assuming a majority of MPs support the Bill at second reading:

  • It will enter the committee stage, where MPs can scrutinise individual clauses and propose amendments.
  • Following committee stage, the report stage offers further opportunities for changes to the Bill.
  • Finally, the Bill will return for a third reading before moving to the House of Lords.

The House of Commons rises for Christmas recess on 19 December so, any detailed scrutiny of the Bill will come in the New Year.

At the end of the second reading debate on Tuesday, the Government will set out the full timetable for the remaining stages of the Finance Bill, including key dates when crucial IHT legislation can be amended.

Is another rebellion on the cards?

In short no, not at this stage. Earlier in the month, Labour suffered a sizeable rebellion on Resolution 50 of the Finance Bill – the bit of legislation relating to the Government’s changes to IHT. We are seeing Labour MPs concerned about changes to IHT are increasingly speaking out – read FBUK’s analysis here.

Bills rarely fall at Second Reading, and so another rebellion on Tuesday is highly unlikely. However, MPs will have the opportunity to debate the broad principles of the Bill, including the government’s changes to BPR.

Write to your local MP

For family businesses concerned about the impact of new IHT rules, this means lobbying and engagement now is crucial to influencing the next stages.

This is your opportunity to write to your MP ahead of the debate on Tuesday. Download FBUK’s Finance Bill briefing for MPs here.

Find out who your local MP is here.

S&W Becomes Silver FBUK Partner

Family Business UK and the accountancy and advisory firm S&W have agreed a new silver-level Corporate Partnership.

Founded in 1881, S&W is a top 10 UK accountancy firm, supporting more than 23,000 clients from their 17 offices across the country.

Neil Davy, CEO FBUK said

“I am delighted to welcome S&W to Family Business UK adding their knowledge, expertise and counsel to our own, and supporting our Members in building Britain for generations.

“Our Corporate Partners are critical allies in our work. Together, we can better support our Members to navigate the challenges they face today and build strong, innovative family businesses for tomorrow.”

As a silver-level Partner of FBUK, S&W will help deliver thought leadership and meaningful content and guidance to the family business community.

Laura Hayward, Partner S&W added

“We are thrilled to join Family Businesses UK as a new Corporate Partner, joining a movement of businesses and supporters advocating for family businesses and their positive impact in the UK.

“S&W’s partners and professionals are devoted to supporting family businesses through every stage of their journey helping them navigate challenges, unlock potential and achieve the extraordinary.

“We look forward to championing these remarkable businesses that drive innovation, generate employment, and stimulate economic growth across the UK.”

FBUK Publishes Economic & Fiscal impact of changes to BPR

125,700 Jobs and £9.4billion GVA Threatened by Inheritance Tax Change for Family Businesses.
Analysis Indicates £1.3billion Net Fiscal Loss to Government
Family Businesses Call on Government to Consult on the Changes

FBUK Publishes Economic & Fiscal impact of changes to BPR

Changes to the rules on Inheritance Tax for family-owned businesses could lead to a significant reduction in economic activity and lower tax revenues, as companies plan to cut investment and jobs according to new analysis.

Findings from an independent study by CBI Economics, the CBI’s economic consultancy division, on behalf of Family Business UK (FBUK) indicate that, over the term of this Parliament, the decision to cap Business Property Relief (BPR) at £1million could lead to more than 125,000 jobs losses (125,678) and reduce the value of goods and services produced across the economy (GVA) by £9.4billion.

Taken together, these reductions could mean that capping BPR at £1m could result in a net fiscal loss to the Exchequer of £1.3bn between 2026/27 and 2029/30. This is significantly lower than the £1.4bn gain in revenues estimated by the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) over the same period from the policy change to BPR alone.

The analysis by CBI Economics, part of which involved a survey of 234 family businesses, finds that over a fifth of family businesses (27%) with assets valued at over £1m expect to transfer the ownership of their business between 2026/27 and 2029/30 in a way that would incur Inheritance Tax. This is expected to lead to nearly 5,000 businesses making adjustments that have an impact on their activity.

To mitigate the additional tax liability the most common response from family business owners was to downsize, cut investment or reduce headcount.
The analysis indicates an:

  • average reduction in investment of 16.5%
  • average reduction in headcount of 10.2%
  • average loss of turnover of 7.4%

Fifteen percent (15%) of family businesses that expect to incur an Inheritance Tax liability say they will sell the business entirely, 9% say they will draw out extra cash from the business in the form of dividends (incurring additional tax at 39.5%), 6% would sell assets and shares to non-family investors and 4% would close, liquidate or relocate overseas.

The analysis shows that even for companies currently below the new £1million threshold for BPR, there is a striking impact on how they behave and plan to mitigate future impacts from Inheritance Tax.

Amongst these businesses:

  • 55% expect investment to reduce with a quarter expecting it to fall by more than 20%, producing an average net reduction of investment of 12.2%
  • headcount would reduce by 9%
  • turnover could fall by 5.8%

Neil Davy, CEO of Family Business UK said:
“Just as we’ve seen among the farming community in relation to APR, changes to BPR announced in the budget will fundamentally remove incentives among owners of family firms to invest in their businesses, and in many cases threaten their viability.

“The CBI Economics research concludes this will come at the expense of jobs, investment, and tax receipts into the Treasury. Downsizing of businesses, asset disposures, complete sale or liquidation are very real unintended consequences of this policy.

“Given a typical business will employ more people than an average farm, there’s a case to make that capping BPR may be even more damaging to the employment figures and the wider economy than capping APR.

“There’s a fundamental misconception that family business owners are hugely wealthy individuals, with large quantities of liquid assets or cash. Nothing could be further from the truth.

“As with farmers, owners of family businesses typically have more than 90% of their personal wealth directly tied-up in the business, allocated to fund growth and investment. To cover this tax liability, business owners will be forced to take money out of the business otherwise allocated to investment, typically via dividends (taxed at 39.5%). Added to IHT, this effectively creates double taxation.

“A common misconception is that BPR is a personal tax relief. In reality this is a tax on businesses, which no other model of business ownership is subject to.

“Government data, published alongside the Budget, forecasts that changes to Inheritance Tax on family business could raise £520m a year from BPR and APR, by the end of the Parliament. Based on data for 2021-22 the Government estimates that around 550 family businesses will be impacted by the change to BPR each year.

“FBUK believes that these figures significantly underestimate the impact of the change. The CBI Economics data support this, predicting the total number of businesses effected expected to change hands for 2026-2027 to be 1,647. Between 2026-27 and 2029-2030 is figure is 4,941, or 8.3% of all family businesses with assets valued at over £1m (59,814).

“Taking the Government’s own definition of SMEs, far from affecting a small number of those with the broadest shoulders, a cap of £1m will also affect many small and medium sized businesses who the Government are claiming to support. And without indexation, the £1m cap also means that more SMEs will fall within scope over time.”

William Lees-Jones, Managing Director of JW Lees said:

“The proposed changes will be a real blow to companies like JW Lees. It has always been our philosophy to invest our profits back into growing our family company resulting in significant investment and the creation of a large number of jobs.

“For us to have to divert funds into dividends to pay Inheritance Tax would be challenging and would inevitably reduce future investment in the company. It would also place our business at a considerable disadvantage to our competitors who tend to be listed or owned by private equity, sometimes overseas.

“We would urge the government to consult with businesses to look at all the potential unintended consequences of these proposed changes.”

Stuart Paver, Chair of Pavers Shoes added:

“Life was simple before the budget. I received shares from my parents, I held onto them and helped grow the business, reinvesting in the long-term growth of the company and then handed it on. But now I must spend time and money looking at how I can avoid leaving a huge burden to the next generation and the outcome is very unlikely to match the Chancellor’s desire for a growing economy.”

Lizzy Rudd, Chair of Berry Bros & Rudd said:
“We are a 326 year old family business, the oldest fine wine and spirits merchant in the UK and one of the oldest businesses in the UK.

“Throughout our long history we have always reinvested in the business rather than giving profit to shareholders. We pride ourselves in being a business that cares about our colleagues, our communities and our planet, and we follow the B Corp principles, having just applied for certification. This means we invest for the long-term for the benefit of all our stakeholders and have a reputation and heritage that is well known across the world”.

“Having Business Property Relief and being able to pass our shares down to the next generation without incurring Inheritance Tax has meant that we didn’t need to accumulate wealth outside the business, allowing us to continue to invest, providing employment and bringing people together from all over the world to the heart of London to share food, wine and conversation together.

“Inheritance Tax will threaten the future of the business and force us to think short-term to maximise returns to shareholders in order to build wealth outside the business to pay a future tax liability”

ENDS.

About Family Business UK (FBUK)
Family Business UK is the largest organisation dedicated to advocating for, promoting, and championing family businesses. It is movement of some of the most innovative, and best-known family businesses across the country, including a number of household names and global companies.

FBUK works to showcase the role and contribution family businesses make to communities across the country, and our wider economy.

FBUK is a not-for-profit organisation.

About CBI Economics
CBI Economics is the economic consultancy division of the CBI. We offer a suite of independent client services including bespoke economic analysis and business surveys. With unrivalled policy knowledge and business insights combined with economic expertise, we can develop a compelling narrative to help you achieve your desired outcomes – whether that be lobbying policy change, building a case for investment or demonstrating the impacts of your business on the economy, on society and on the environment.

CBI Economics conducted a survey following the changes to Business Property Relief (BPR) announced at the Budget. This survey attracted 234 responses from family businesses. The survey first determined the businesses that would be affected by the changes to BPR between April 2026, when the changes come into force, and April 2030. Affected businesses are those over £1 million in value and who are anticipating a share transfer or change of ownership in the period specified.

Businesses were asked how they expected the changes to affect their investment plans, turnover and headcount.

Primary survey data was integrated with additional secondary data collected from official and third-party sources. These informed the inputs to CBI Economics’ in-house economic and fiscal models, which were used to estimate the total economic impacts in Gross Value Added and Full Time Equivalent jobs, along with net fiscal impacts to the Exchequer. Total economic impact was derived primarily using the anticipated reductions in turnover, with CBIE’s dynamic economic model capturing the further implications this would have for supply chains and employee spending.

Confidence slips as businesses brace for “significant” tax rises  

Confidence slips as businesses brace for “significant” tax rises

Family-owned businesses fear changes could threaten their business

  • More than half (52%) of family businesses rate government’s policies unfavourable
  • Majority (80%) of family businesses say Labour wasn’t honest about tax plans

London: Eighty five per cent of business leaders say they expect the Government to increase business taxes in the Budget with 35% fearing significant tax rises according to research carried out by Censuswide.

Rises in Corporation Tax were identified most often by businesses, despite a pledge in Labour’s manifesto not to increase it.

Others include Business Rates, Capital Gains Tax and Employer’s National Insurance. More than a quarter (26%) of businesses say they feel less confident about the outlook for their business since Labour won the election.

The poll by Censuswide and commissioned by Family Business UK includes several different types of business ownership models, including PLCs, family businesses and private equity-backed firms. It reveals a marked difference in sentiment among Britain’s family business owners compared to other business models

52% of family-owned businesses polled rate the Government’s business policies as unfavourable and four out of five don’t believe the Labour Party was honest with voters about their plans for tax rises in the lead-up to the election.

There has been speculation about whether Labour could scrap Business Property Relief (BPR) in the Budget – a vital policy that underpins family businesses.

67% of family firms say the policy is either important or essential to their business and removing it from the budget could result in them selling assets (31%), being sold completely (20%) or liquidated (20%) to cover additional costs.

Neil Davy, Chief Executive Officer of Family Business UK said:
“The Chancellor used her speech a Labour Conference to repeat a pledge to not increase the rates of Income Tax, National Insurance or VAT. But a running commentary about the budget deficit and the need to increase other taxes, is extremely damaging for business.

“The Chancellor wants growth and Investment. Our members want that too. We hear that businesses are more confident because the Government has brought back stability. But that’s not what our research indicates – particularly for family businesses who are fearful the Government may be about to pull the rug from under them, removing tax policies that underpin their very model of ownership.”

The Need to Retain Business Property Relief

Ongoing uncertainty around whether the new Government will scrap or amend BPR means that family firms are extremely concerned. More than 70% say unfavourable policies will lead to lower profits and almost two thirds (63%) say they will not increase headcount in the next 12-months.

Family businesses are the beating heart of the economy, operating in every corner of the country. Britain’s 4.8 million family businesses support thriving local communities up and down the country, employing 13.9 million people and contributing more than £200 billion in taxes every year.

The model of family business ownership, which can see companies thrive for hundreds of years, is supported by a long-established policy known as Business Property Relief, or Business Relief (‘BPR’). The policy, first introduced in 1976 by the then Labour Government, has been retained by successive governments since and is widely recognised as providing a lifeline and level playing field for family firms to invest over the long term.

Each year, around 85,000 privately owned family businesses change hands when the owner dies or chooses to retire. BPR allows those businesses to continue trading, without interruption, when other family members take on the responsibility for running them. It means that neither they, nor the business is subject to additional taxes, or costs which, in most cases, are borne by the business. Non-family-owned businesses incur no tax penalty when ownership changes.

Neil Davy continues: “Our survey clearly shows the growing pressure family business are under due to uncertainty around potential tax rises and ongoing rumours about scrapping of Business Property Relief at the next election.

“While the Government allows this uncertainty to continue, Britain’s family business feel in limbo and important investment decisions are being put on hold.

“I would urge the Chancellor to ignore the voices of vocal minority who believe that BPR is a loophole for the wealthy, and would see it scrapped, and instead listen to us and our members about how it underpins an entire sector of the economy.

“Business Property Relief is not just a tax policy, it’s a commitment to fairness, opportunity, and the future of British enterprise. We would urge the Government to protect it or risk potentially catastrophic consequences of lost jobs, growth and prosperity in every constituency across the country.”

ENDS.

Notes to Editors

Censuswide conducted a poll of 500 business leaders and senior decision makers across the country between September 5 and September 9, 2024.

About Family Business UK

Family Business UK is the largest organisation dedicated to promoting, championing and advocating for family businesses. It is movement of more than 200 of the largest and best-known family businesses across the country, including a number of household names and global companies. It works to showcase the role family businesses play in creating a more prosperous and sustainable future and highlighting the impact of family-owned businesses.

FBUK is a not-for-profit organisation.

FBUK warns of Threat to Family Businesses

FBUK warns of Threat to Family Businesses

Family Business UK (FBUK)  has warned how a vocal minority of commentators risk undermining Britain’s family businesses in the run up the Budget on 30 October.

In a letter to the editor of The Daily Telegraph, FBUK CEO Neil Davy, urges the Government to speak directly to family business owners to understand the importance of supportive policies and how businesses can deliver the Government’s growth agenda.

Below is the full text of the letter.

Ill-informed commentary puts jobs and growth at risk.

Sir, the Government was always going to face difficult choices on tax. But, it must be wary of making policy decisions that penalise businesses based on seemingly unfounded opinion (“Reeves told to charge capital gains tax after death.” 9 September).

Britain’s 4.8 million family-owned businesses are a case in point. Supported by policies that allow them to thrive across generations, they employ half the UKs private sector workforce and contribute more than a quarter of government tax receipts.

Family businesses are well placed to support the Government’s growth agenda. But a vocal minority would have the Government pull the rug from under them, risking a significant loss of jobs in every constituency across the country, lower tax receipts and threatens the future of otherwise successful businesses.

Contrary to the views of a minority of commentators, Business Relief, or Business Property Relief (BPR) is not a loophole that protects the wealthy. Nor is it a policy that benefits the privileged few. It is a policy that underpins the very model of family business ownership, and successful multi-generational businesses.

It has been retained by successive governments for 50 years for the simple reason they understood it gives family business owners the confidence to make long-term investments in their business and the communities they serve.

Many of Britain’s biggest and best-known brands are highly successful multi-generation family businesses. Those who run them have every right to be angry and alarmed by the IFS’ suggestion that future generations are not quite up to the task, or that the ultimate goal of all private businesses – including family businesses – is to sell and cash-in.

On behalf of all family businesses, I urge the Chancellor and her advisers to ignore these voices and speak directly to the owners of the family businesses whose future risks being threatened by ill-informed voices, about how they can – and want to – support delivery of the growth, jobs, and opportunity your government has promised.

Neil Davy
CEO, Family Business UK.

 

Labour’s ambitions for economic growth – rhetoric or reality?

Labour’s ambitions for economic growth – rhetoric or reality?

The UK’s family businesses range from some Britain’s largest, well-known household brands to the SMEs and local plumbers, electricians, builders, restaurant owners, shopkeepers and mechanics that keep Britain moving.

The 4.8 million family businesses in the UK are the backbone of our economy. They employ 13.9 million people and contribute over £200 billion through tax receipts every year.

These businesses have been around for generations; in many cases one or two generations, but in other cases a dozen generations or more. One of the reasons for the success and longevity of these firms is a long-standing piece of policy that successive governments have committed to retain for decades; Business Property Relief (BPR).

As a policy, BPR is not well known. You don’t hear about it for a simple reason – it works!

It allows the owners of the business to pass it on to the next generation without additional taxes, in the same way that other models of business ownership such as PLCs and private equity-backed businesses are also not subject to. It therefore ensures family businesses can compete on a level playing field.

BPR is also misunderstood. It’s often mistakenly seen as a tax loophole for wealthy individuals. In reality, if BPR were abolished, the additional tax would not be carried by individual owners. It would be a tax on the business.

To pay this tax bill, the business owners would likely need to hold back capital that would otherwise be used to recruit, train, and upskill staff, or money that would be invested in new products and services, or used to expand into new markets. In other cases, business owners would be forced to sell off parts of the business to raise the capital. Many would be forced to sell, or even close the business entirely, at the expense of jobs and livelihoods.

Every year, around 85,000 family businesses are passed to the next generation when the head of the family retires or passes away. If the owners of these businesses are not able to pass ownership on without an additional tax burden (which other businesses are not subject to), not only would the future of those firms and jobs be at risk, but their sale or closure would undermine economic growth in the UK and reduce the tax receipts into the Treasury.

Changing or removing BPR runs counter to fairness and common sense. That’s why successive governments for more than 50 years have supported and protected this legislation that is a lifeline to family businesses, who represent 90% of all private firms in the UK.

Family businesses are well placed to support the Government’s goal of providing stability, creating economic growth and social prosperity. But to be able to do that, the Government needs to commit to retaining Business Property Relief.

Family businesses in the UK need everyone’s backing. Lend your support at:https://project1-4204x58ma2.live-website.com/what-we-do/bpr-campaign/ 

FBUK Writes to New Government

FBUK Writes to New Government

Family Business UK has written to the newly appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer and Secretary of State for Business and Trade, to ensure the priorities of family-owned businesses are embraced within government.

In letters sent to Rachel Reeves and Jonathan Reynolds, FBUK has underlined the significance of family businesses to the UK economy and the importance of retaining Business Relief.

During the election campaign, reports surfaced that Labour could be considering changes to the Inheritance Tax regime and, specifically, Business Relief, which is a vital relief allowing family business owners to plan for the long-terms success of their business.

In the letters, FBUK urges Labour not to rush into making policy decisions that could have unintended consequences: “Scrapping business relief would be catastrophic for every one of the millions of family businesses in the UK, putting investment, jobs and growth at risk.

“The viability and prospects for the family business sector must not be compromised.” The letters go on to ask the new Government to “commit to fully consulting with family businesses, ahead of any changes, to avoid making policy decisions with unintended consequences.”

FBUK has enjoyed excellent working relationships with the previous government ensuring key issues affecting family businesses are considered and consulted on. FBUK has plans to engage with the new Government and has urged the new Chancellor and Business Secretary to embrace similar working relationships.

You can read our letters to Rachel Reeves and Jonathan Reynolds in full here.

For media enquiries please contact familybusinessuk@secnewgate.co.uk.

END.